PRUNING OF ROSES PINCHING AND DISBUDDING IN CHRYSANTHEMUM
OBJECTIVES:
1. To know about the growth and flowering habit of rose.
2. To know the method of pinching and disbudding in chrysanthemum.
Terms :
1. Pruning :
Removal of branches by keeping some portion intact to the plant is called pruning.
2. Pinching:
Removal of small portion of young growing shoots at its tip is called pinching,
3. Disbudding :
Removal of small flower buds is called disbudding.
Pruning of roses
The main objectives of pruning of roses are
1. To remove old wood and to encourage the pew growth to get new fiush of flowers.
2. To help to get flowers in more numbers.
3. To get a flowers at desired time,
4. To remove diseased and dead portion of the plant
5. To make various operation easy.
6. To improve the quality of bloom.
Initially pruning is done to get good shape to the plant. For this purpose selected shoots are retained and the others are removed. When the plants start giving flowering, regular prunings are followed. Normally roses are pruned twice in a year under our climatic conditions.
It is also called as hard pruning. The pruning is done at the end of summer so that, new flush of flowers will be harvested from July to September. This is called as hard pruning because pruning done is rather severe, branches are cut back, retaining short hard wood spurs on the stem.
This is followed after the gains are over and harvest of the previous bloom is complete. It is done to get the second tuh during winter season The operation is carried out during October month so that the second flush starts blooming fom November and continues til Feb-March In this pruning limited portion of branches io cul À more portion of branches is remained.
Care to be taken while pruning
1. Pruning should be done at decided period and should be completed in specified time limit
2. All diseased and dead wood should be removed. Thickly growing branches should be thinned out.
3. After pruning, the copper fungicide paste should be applied on cut stem portion.
4. Pruned parts should be collected and destroyed.
5. The soil should be cultivated and manured immediately alter pruning.
Pinching and Disbudding in chrysanthemum Pinching (Stopping)
Removal of small portion of young growing shoots at its tip is called pinching. The method of pinching depends upon the nature of bloom one intends to obtain. If only one bloom per plant is envisaged, no stopping is needed. But, if three or six stems are needed for the plant, stopping is resorted The tip of the main stem measuring 3-5 cm is removed when the plants are 8-10 cm tall This pinching will encourage the lateral shoots to develop from the leaf axils. Three strong laterals are retained and others removed. The laterals retained for flowering should preferably consist of one central stem and two on either side of it. The laterals are staked with strong split bamboo stakes inserted in the compost with a view to give support and also to see that these are spread out from each other. The first crown bud develops at the end of each lateral which contains maximum number of ray florets and will give the largest bloom, though may not be the best bloom. This is retained and all other growth arising form the leaf axils is de-shooted. In general, the chrysanthemums are pinched twice, first when plant attains 4 weeks of age and second 7 weeks of planting.
Disbudding
Operation of removing flower buds is called as disbudding. Disbudding starts in October or as soon as the flower buds appear. In chrysanthemum, if all the buds in one stem are allowed to bloom, the flowers become smaller in size. Therefore, in large flowering cultivars only one bud per stem is allowed to bloom and others are removed. The ideal time for disbudding is when the buds surrounding the central one have developed 0.5 cm long pedicels. Too early disbudding may cause injury to the central bud which is retained to bloom Detailing in also practiced from time to tine removing all side shoots before they attain the size of 2.5 cm. The aim is to diven on energy of the plant towards the bud which has been retained for flowering. However, in Singles, Koreans and Sprays no disbudding is done. For obtaining a single bloom p plant no pinching is done, but disbudding and desh opting are done as mentioned above. All suckers should also be removed from the base of the plant, otherwise they will tako away the nutrients which should have gone to the flower bud.
By : Vijay Thorat
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